Abstract

Q. Zhao and L. Tong
"Signal Processing for Multiaccess Communication Networks"
Signal Processing for Mobile Communications Handbook, CRC Press, 2004.
 
In multiaccess wireless networks where a common channel is shared by a population of users, both the reception capability of the common wireless channel and the efficiency of the medium access control (MAC) protocol affect the network performance. Traditionally, MAC protocols are designed based on a collision channel model where any concurrent transmissions result in the destruction of all transmitted packets. Numerous protocols, such as ALOHA, the tree algorithm, the first-come first-serve (FCFS) algorithm, and a class of adaptive schemes, have been proposed to coordinate the transmissions of all users for the efficient utilization of the limited channel reception capability.

The advent of sophisticated signal processing techniques has changed the underlying assumptions made by conventional MAC protocols. In networks with space-division multiple access or code-division multiple access, it is possible to receive some or all simultaneously transmitted packets which, in the conventional channel, would result in a collision and require retransmissions. In addition to the direct throughput improvement resulting from the recovery of colliding packets, the traffic load caused by retransmissions is reduced, which further decreases the frequency of collision.

While promising improvement in the overall performance of the network, this multipacket reception (MPR) capability presents new challenges to MAC designers. First, the MPR capability enriches the channel outcome, which makes it more difficult to infer the state of a user from the feedback information. Second, the MPR capability opens new options for collision resolution which, in the conventional collision channel, can be achieved only by splitting of users. To fully exploit the MPR capability, new MAC protocols need to be designed. In this chapter, we present signal processing techniques that enable multipacket reception at the physical layer and examine their impact on the performance and design of MAC protocols.